1.4 Discovery of the Raman Scattering Effects and Observation of the First Raman Spectrum 10
5.1 Common Spectroscopic Basis Related to the Study and Application of Raman Spectroscopy 151
10.1 Raman Spectra with Changing of Exciting Light Wavelengths - Resonant Raman Spectra 351
11 Raman Spectra with Sample Sizes, Shapes, Components, and Micro-structures in Nanostructures 383
11.3 Effects of Sample Component and Micro-structure on Raman Spectra in Nanostructures 400
12.5 Amorphous Feature of Nanocrystal Raman Spectra of no QCE on Phonons and the Breaking of Translation Symmetry in Nano-semiconductors 413
Appendix V Brillouin Zones, Vibration Modes, and Raman Spectra of Typical Ordinary and Semiconducting Crystals 446
In recent years, free radicals have played an important role in various disciplines, ranging from organic synthesis to biology and medicine, polymer chemistry and materials science.
Taal / Language : English
Inhoudsopgave:
Volume 1
Preface
List of Contributors
Abbreviations and Acronymns
1.The History of Free Radical Chemistry
Thomas T. Tidwell
2. Overview of Radical Initiation
Jacques Lalevée and Jean Pierre Fouassier
3. Basic Concepts on Radical Chain Reactions
Michael S. Sherburn
4. Thermochemistry and Hydrogen Transfer Kinetics
Andreas A. Zavitsas
5. Radical Kinetics and Clocks
Martin Newcomb
6. Radical Rearrangements: Ester-Substituted Radicals and Hydrogen Atom Migrations
Kaname Sasaki, Ian Cumpstey and David Crich
7. Analysis of Radicals by EPR
John C. Walton
8. Structures and Reactivity of Radicals Followed by Magnetic Resonance
Alexandra Yurkovskaya, Olga Morozova and Georg Gescheidt
9. Matrix Isolation of Radicals
Artur Mardyukov and Wolfram Sander
10. Supramolecular Radical Chemistry
Marco Lucarini
11. Redox Properties of Radicals
David C. Magri and Mark S. Workentin
12. Photo Induced Radical Reactions
Julia Pérez-Prieto and Miguel A. Miranda
13. Radical Cation/Anion and Neutral Radicals: A Comparison
Amber N. Hancock and J. M. Tanko
14. The SRN1 Reaction
Javier I. Bardagí, Victoria A. Vaillard and Roberto A. Rossi
15. Photoinduced Reactions of Radical Ions via Charge Separation
Shunichi Fukuzumi and Kei Ohkubo
16. Radiation-Induced Radical Reactions
Krzysztof Bobrowski
17. Free Radical Chemistry in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
Ilya A. Shkrob and James F. Wishart
18. Radical Stability-Thermochemical Aspects
Johnny Hioe and Hendrik Zipse
19. Radical Chemistry in the Gas Phase
Christian Alcaraz, Ingo Fischer and Detlef Schröder
20. Atmospheric Radical Chemistry
Paul H. Wine and J. Michael Nicovich
Volume 2
Preface
List of Contributors
Abbreviations and Acronymns
21. Tin Hydrides and Functional Group Transformations
Hannelore Jasch and Markus R. Heinrich
22. Silanes as Reducing Reagents in Radical Chemistry
Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu and Vitaliy I. Timokhin
23. Boron in Radical Chemistry
Philippe Renaud
24. Organic Synthesis Using Samarium Diiodide
Susannah C. Coote, Robert A. Flowers II, Troels Skrydstrup and D. J. Procter
25. Intramolecular Homolytic Substitutions in Synthesis
Sara H. Kyne and Carl H. Schiesser
26. Stereoselective Radical Reactions
Yong-Hua Yang and Mukund P. Sibi
27. Unusual Cyclizations
Kerry Gilmore and Igor V. Alabugin
28. Radical Cascade Reactions
Alexandre Baralle, Abdulkader Baroudi, Marion Daniel, Louis Fensterbank, Jean-Philippe Goddard, Emmanuel Lacôte, Marie-Hélène Larraufie, Giovanni Maestri, Max Malacria and Cyril Ollivier
29. Main-Group Elements in Radical Chemistry
Alexandre Baralle, Abdulkader Baroudi, Marion Daniel, Louis Fensterbank, Jean-Philippe Goddard, Emmanuel Lacôte, Marie-Hélène Larraufie, Giovanni Maestri, Max Malacria and Cyril Ollivier
30. Organic Electron Donors
John A. Murphy
31. Manganese(III) Acetate, CAN, and FE(III) Salts in Oxidative Radical Chemistry
Jonathan W. Burton
32. Halogen and Chalcogen Transfer Chemistry
Chaozhong Li
33. Xanthates and Related Derivatives as Radical Precursors
Samir Z. Zard
34. Epoxides in Titanocene-Mediated and -Catalyzed Radical Reactions
Andreas Gansäuer and André Fleckhaus
35. Transition Metals and Radicals
Hideki Yorimitsu
36. Unusual Radical Acceptors
Piero Spagnolo and Daniele Nanni
37. Radical Arylations
Santiago E. Vaillard and Armido Studer
38. Nitroxides in Synthetic Radical Chemistry
Chittreeya Tansakul and Rebecca Braslau
39. Radicals and Carbohydrates
Inés Pérez-Martin and Ernesto Suárez
40. Electrochemically Initiated Radical Reactions
Martin A. Bohn, Anna Paul and Gerhard Hilt
41. Synthetic Radical Photochemistry
Emmanuel Riguet and Norbert Hoffmann
42. Radical Chemistry by Using Flow Microreactor Technology
Takahide Fukuyama and Ilhyong Ryu
Volume 3
Preface
List of Contributors
Abbreviations and Acronymns
43. Biological Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species
Christine C. Winterbourn
44. Reactions of Small Reactive Species With DNA
Nicholas E. Geacintov and Vladimir Shafirovich
45. Oxidatively Generated Nucleobase Modifications in Isolated and Cellular DNA
Jean Cadet, Thierry Douki, Didier Gasparutto, Jean-Luc Ravanat and J. Richard Wagner
46. Oxidatively Formed Sugar Radicals in Nucleic Acids
Thanasis Gimisis and Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
47. Understanding DNA Radicals Employing Theory and Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
Amitava Adhikary, Anil Kumar, David Becker and Michael D. Sevilla
48. Charge Transfer in DNA
Mamoru Fujitsuka and Tetsuro Majima
49. Oxidative Damage to Proteins
Michael J. Davies
50. Radical-Based Damage of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid Residues
Christian Schöneich
51. Electron Transfer in Peptides and Proteins
Bernd Giese, Sonja Eckhardt and Miriam Lauz
52. Radical Enzymes
Wolfgang Buckel and Bernard T. Golding
53. Theoretical Studies of Radical Enzymes
Gregory M. Sandala, David M. Smith and Leo Radom
54. Lipid Peroxidation
Etsuo Niki
55. Lipid Isomerization
Carla Ferreri and Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
56. Antioxidants in Chemistry and Biology
Luca Valgimigli and Derek A. Pratt
57. Free Radicals and Metabolic Disorders
Guy Cohen, Yael Riahi and Shlomo Sasson
Volume 4.
Preface
List of Contributors
Abbreviations and Acronymns
58. Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization: Mechanism, Process and Applications
Christopher Barner-Kowollik, Janes P. Blinco, Mathias Destarac, Kristofer J. Thurecht and Sébastien Perrier
59. Fundamentals of Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
60. Kinetics of Polymerizations
Michael Buback and Gregory T. Russell
61. Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization and its Applications
Didier Gigmes and Sylvain R. A. Marque
62. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) and Addition (ATRA) and Applications
Tomislav Pintauer and Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
63. Sb, Bi, Te, and I-Transfer Polymerization and Applications
Shigeru Yamago and Eiichi Kayahara
64. Radical Polymerization in Industry
Peter Nesvadba
65. Spin Labels and Spin Probes
David Bardelang, Micaël Hardy, Olivier Quari and Paul Tordo
66. Radical Thiol-X Click Chemistry
Niels ten Brummelhuis and Helmut Schlaad
67. Conducting Polymers: Applications in Electronics and Photovaltaics
Huanli Dong and Wenping Hu
68. Silicon Radical Surface Chemistry
Bart Rijksen, Mabel A. Caipa Campos, Jos M. J. Paulusse and Han Zuilhof
69. Persistent and Stable Silyl Radicals
Boris Tumanskii, Miriam Karni and Yitzhak Apeloig
70. Physical Properties of Thiazyl Radicals Toward Conductive and Magnetic Materials
Kunio Awaga
71. Polyradicals in Batteries
Kenichi Oyaizu and Hiroyuki Nishide
72. Radical Chemistry on Fullerenes
Manolis D. Tzirakis and Michael Orfanopoulos
73. A Paradigm for the Radical-Mediated Photochemical Synthesis of Metal Nanostructures
J. C. Scaiano, Kevin G. Stamplecoskie, Katherine L. McGilvray and Natalia L. Pacioni
Author Index
Subject Index
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Solid State Proton Conductors - Properties and applications in fuel cells
Prijs van Euro 142.95 voor Euro 128.66
Higher ionic conductivity, better mechanical strength, lower cost, and improved durability of proton conducting materials are all important issues to accelerate the commercialization of fuel cell technology.
Taal / Language : English
Inhoudsopgave:
Preface xi
About the Editors xiii
Contributing Authors xv
1 Introduction and Overview: Protons, the Nonconformist Ions 1
Maria Luisa Di Vona and Philippe Knauth
1.1 Brief History of the Field 2
1.2 Structure of This Book 2
References 4
2 Morphology and Structure of Solid Acids 5
Habib Ghobarkar, Philippe Knauth and Oliver Sch€af
2.1 Introduction 5
2.1.1 Preparation Technique of Solid Acids 5
2.1.2 Imaging Technique with the Scanning Electron Microscope 6
2.2 Crystal Morphology and Structure of Solid Acids 8
2.2.1 Hydrohalic Acids 8
2.2.2 Main Group Element Oxoacids 10
2.2.3 Transition Metal Oxoacids 20
2.2.4 Carboxylic Acids 23
References 24
3 Diffusion in Solid Proton Conductors: Theoretical Aspects and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis 25
Maria Luisa Di Vona, Emanuela Sgreccia, and Sebastiano Tosto
3.1 Fundamentals of Diffusion 25
3.1.1 Phenomenology of Diffusion 26
3.1.2 Solutions of the Diffusion Equation 35
3.1.3 Diffusion Coefficients and Proton Conduction 37
3.1.4 Measurement of the Diffusion Coefficient 38
3.2 Basic Principles of NMR 40
3.2.1 Description of the Main NMR Techniques Used in Measuring
Diffusion Coefficients 42
3.3 Application of NMR Techniques 47
3.3.1 Polymeric Proton Conductors 47
3.3.2 Inorganic Proton Conductors 57
3.4 Liquid Water Visualization in Proton-Conducting Membranes by Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance Imaging 62
3.5 Conclusions 65
References 65
4 Structure and Diffusivity in Proton-Conducting Membranes Studied by Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering 69
Rolf Hempelmann
4.1 Survey 69
4.2 Diffusion in Solids and Liquids 71
4.3 Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering: A Brief Introduction 74
4.4 Proton Diffusion in Membranes 80
4.4.1 Microstructure by Means of SAXS and SANS 80
4.4.2 Proton Conductivity and Water Diffusion 87
4.4.3 QENS Studies 88
4.5 Solid State Proton Conductors 93
4.5.1 Aliovalently Doped Perovskites 94
4.5.2 Hydrogen-Bonded Systems 99
4.6 Concluding Remarks 102
References 102
5 Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy: A Powerful Tool for the Determination of Charge Transfer Mechanisms in Ion Conductors 107
Vito Di Noto, Guinevere Giffin, Keti Vezzu`, Matteo Piga, and Sandra Lavina
5.1 Basic Principles 108
5.1.1 The Interaction of Matter with Electromagnetic Fields: The
Maxwell Equations 108
5.1.2 Electric Response in Terms of ?109
5.2 Phenomenological Background of Electric Properties in a Time-Dependent Field 112
5.2.1 Polarization Events 112
5.3 Theory of Dielectric Relaxation 125
5.3.1 Dielectric Relaxation Modes of Macromolecular Systems 126
5.3.2 A General Equation for the Analysis in the Frequency Domain of s(o) and e(o) 130
5.4 Analysis of Electric Spectra 130
5.5 Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy Measurement Techniques 139
5.5.1 Measurement Systems 142
5.5.2 Contacts 156
5.5.3 Calibration 163
5.5.4 Calibration in Parallel Plate Methods 164
5.5.5 Measurement Accuracy 170
5.6 Concluding Remarks 177
5.7 Acknowledgements 178
References 178
6 Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Proton-Conducting Polymers 181
Jean-Fran¸cois Chailan, Mustapha Khadhraoui, and Philippe Knauth
6.1 Introduction 181
6.1.1 Molecular Configurations: The Morphology and Microstructure of Polymers 181
6.1.2 Molecular Motions 182
6.1.3 Glass Transition and Other Molecular Relaxations 184
6.2 Methodology of Uniaxial Tensile Tests 187
6.2.1 Elasticity and Young`s Modulus E 188
6.2.2 Elasticity and Shear Modulus G 191
6.2.3 Elasticity and Cohesion Energy 192
6.3 Relaxation and Creep of Polymers 193
6.3.1 Stress Relaxation of Polymers 194
6.3.2 Creep of Polymers 196
6.4 Engineering Stress-Strain Curves of Polymers 197
6.4.1 True Stress-Strain Curve for Plastic Flow and Toughness of Polymers 199
6.4.2 Behavior of Composite Membranes 200
6.4.3 Behavior in the Glassy Regime 201
6.4.4 Influence of the Rate of Deformation 202
6.4.5 Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties 205
6.4.6 Thermal Strain 206
6.5 Stress-Strain Tensile Tests of Proton-Conducting Ionomers 207
6.5.1 Influence of Heat Treatment and Cross-Linking 208
6.5.2 Behavior of Composites 210
6.5.3 Conclusions 212
6.6 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) of Polymers 213
6.6.1 Principle of Measurement 213
6.6.2 Molecular Motions and Dynamic Mechanical Properties 214
6.6.3 Experimental Considerations: How Does the Instrument Work? 215
6.6.4 Parameters of Dynamic Mechanical Analysis 216
6.7 The DMA of Proton-Conducting Ionomers 218
6.7.1 Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomer Membranes 218
6.7.2 Nonfluorinated Membranes 221
6.7.3 Organic-Inorganic Composite (or Hybrid) Membranes 226
Glossary 230
References 232
7 Ab Initio Modeling of Transport and Structure of Solid State Proton Conductors 237
Jeffrey K. Clark II and Stephen J. Paddison
7.1 Introduction 237
7.2 Theoretical Methods 240
7.2.1 Ab Initio Electronic Structure 240
7.2.2 Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics (AIMD) 244
7.2.3 Empirical Valence Bond (EVB) Models 245
7.3 Polymer Electrolyte Membranes 247
7.3.1 Local Microstructure 247
7.3.2 Proton Transport 254
7.4 Crystalline Proton Conductors and Oxides 275
7.4.1 Crystalline Proton Conductors 275
7.4.2 Oxides 280
7.5 Concluding Remarks 286
References 286
8 Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acids as Proton Conductor Membranes 291
Giulio Alberti, Riccardo Narducci, and Maria Luisa Di Vona
8.1 Introduction on Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells 291
8.2 General Properties of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes 292
8.2.1 Ion Exchange of Polymers Electrolytes in H þ Form 293
8.3 Perfluorinated Membranes Containing Superacid -SO3H Groups 299
8.3.1 Nafion Preparation 300
8.3.2 Nafion Morphology 300
8.3.3 Nafion Water Uptake in Liquid Water at Different Temperatures 302
8.3.4 Water-Vapor Sorption Isotherms of Nafion 303
8.3.5 Curves T/nc for Nafion 117 Membranes in H þ Form 304
8.3.6 Water Uptake and Tensile Modulus of Nafion 307
8.3.7 Colligative Properties of Inner Proton Solutions in Nafion 309
8.3.8 Thermal Annealing of Nafion 311
8.3.9 MCPI Method 311
8.3.10 Proton Conductivity of Nafion 315
8.4 Some Information on Dow and on Recent AquivionIonomers 317
8.5 Instability of Proton Conductivity of Highly Hydrated PFSA Membranes 317
8.6 Composite Nafion Membranes 319
8.6.1 Silica-Filled Ionomer Membranes 319
8.6.2 Metal Oxide-Filled Nafion Membranes 320
8.6.3 Layered Zirconium Phosphate- and Zirconium Phosphonate-Filled Ionomer Membranes 320
8.6.4 Heteropolyacid-Filled Membranes 321
8.7 Some Final Remarks and Conclusions 322
References 323
9 Proton Conductivity of Aromatic Polymers 327
Baijun Liu and Michael D. Guiver
9.1 Introduction 327
9.2 Synthetic Strategies of the Various Acid-Functionalized Aromatic Polymers with Proton Transport Ability 328
9.2.1 Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s 328
9.2.2 Sulfonated Polyimides 337
9.2.3 Other Aromatic Polymers as PEMs 340
9.3 Approaches to Enhance Proton Conductivity 345
9.3.1 Nanophase-Separated Microstructures Containing Proton-Conducting Channels 346
9.3.2 Replacement of -Ph-SO3H by -CF2 -SO3H 349
9.3.3 Synthesis of High-IEC PEMs 350
9.3.4 Composite Membranes 351
9.4 Balancing Proton Conductivity, Dimensional Stability, and Other Properties 353
9.5 Electrochemical Performance of Aromatic Polymers 357
9.5.1 PEMFC Performance 357
9.5.2 DMFC Performance 358
9.6 Summary 360
References 360
10 Inorganic Solid Proton Conductors 365
Philippe Knauth and Maria Luisa Di Vona
10.1 Fundamentals of Ionic Conduction In Inorganic Solids 365
10.1.1 Defect Concentrations 366
10.1.2 Defect Mobilities 367
10.1.3 Kr€oger-Vink Nomenclature 367
10.1.4 Ionic Conduction in the Bulk: Hopping Model 370
10.2 General Considerations on Inorganic Solid Proton Conductors 372
10.2.1 Classification of Solid Proton Conductors 373
10.3 Low-Dimensional Solid Proton Conductors: Layered and Porous Structures 375
10.3.1 b- and b00-Alumina-Type 375
10.3.2 Layered Metal Hydrogen Phosphates 376
10.3.3 Micro- and Mesoporous Structures 378
10.4 Three-Dimensional Solid Proton Conductors: "Quasi-Liquid" Structures 379
10.4.1 Solid Acids 379
10.4.2 Acid Salts 379
10.4.3 Amorphous and Gelled Oxides and Hydroxides 381
10.5 Three-Dimensional Solid Proton Conductors: Defect Mechanisms in Oxides 381
10.5.1 Perovskite-Type Oxides 382
10.5.2 Other Structure Types 387
10.6 Conclusion 388
References 389
Index
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Knauth, Philippe, Solid State Proton Conductors
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International Tables for Crystallography
Crystallography of Biological Macromolecules
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This volume was commissioned by the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) in recognition of the extraordinary contributions that knowledge of macromolecular structure has made, and will make, to the analysis of biological systems, from enzyme catalysis to the workings of a whole cell, and to the growing field of structural genomics.
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Introduction to Polymer Rheology
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Providing new students and practitioners with an easy-to-understand introduction to the theory and practice an often complicated subject, Introduction to Polymer Rheology incorporates worked problems and problems with appended answers to provide opportunities for review and further learning of more advanced concepts.
Taal / Language : English
Inhoudsopgave:
1. INTRODUCTION
A. Polymers and the importance of rheology
B. Rheology in its simplest form
Problems
Suggested references, with commentary
2. STRESS
A. Stress and pressure
B. Organization of the stress components
C. Coping with subscripts
D. Typical stress tensors
Appendix 2-1: Compilation of equations of motion (ssc)
Appendix 2-2: Equations of motion-curvilinear quick list (ssc)
Problems
References
3. VELOCITY, VELOCITY GRADIENT AND RATE OF DEFORMATION
A. Why velocity is simpler than location-Speedometers vs. GPS
B. Velocity gradients
C. Rate of deformation
Appendix 3-1: Components of the rate-of-deformation tensor
Appendix 3-2: Components of the continuity equation
Appendix 3-3: Nomenclature and sign conventions used in popular rheology texts
Problems
References
4. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND RATE OF DEFORMATION: THE NEWTONIAN FLUID
A Material idealizations in rheology
B. The Newtonian fluid
Problems
References
5. GENERALIZED NEWTONIAN FLUIDS - A SMALL BUT IMPORTANT STEP TOWARD A DESCRIPTION OF REAL BEHAVIOR FOR POLYMERS
A. Reasons for inventing generalized Newtonian fluids - behavior of polymer melts
B. Generalizing the GNF to three dimensions
C. Inventing relationships for viscosity vs. shear rate
D. Short primer on finding GNF parameters from data
E. Summary of GNF characteristics
Appendix 5-1: Fitting data with Excel
Problems
References
6. NORMAL STRESSES-ORDINARY BEHAVIOR FOR POLYMERS
A. Introduction
B. What are normal stresses
C. Origin of normal stresses in simple shear
D. The second normal-stress difference
E. Normal-stress coefficients and empirical findings
F. Transient rheological functions
D. Temperature effects and superposition of steady-flow data
Problems
References
7. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
A. Measurement of viscosity
B. Normal stresses from shearing flows
C. Extensional rheology
D. Specialized geometries
E. Flow visualization and other rheo-optical methods
F. Micro and nano rheology
Appendix 7-1: Numerical derivatives
Appendix 7-2: Velocity-profile correction for non-Newtonian fluids
Appendix 7-3: Incorporation of slip into the velocity-profile correction- the Mooney correction
Appendix 7-4: Normal stresses using the cone-and-plate geometry
Appendix 7-5: Desktop rheo-optical experiment
Problems
References
8. STRAIN, SMALL AND LARGE
A. Displacement
B. Infinitesimal strain
C. Hookean solids
D. Finite strain
E. The Lodge elastic fluid and variants
F. The Cauchy strain measure
G. Fixing up integral equations based on C and C-1
Appendix 8-1: The relaxation function
Appendix 8-2: Constant-rate extension of the LEF
Problems
References
9. MOLECULAR ORIGINS OF RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR
A. Description of polymer molecules
B. The Rouse chain-a limited description of polymer behavior
C. Other chain-like models
D. Dealing with entanglements
E. Summary of predictions of molecular theory
Problems
References
10. ELEMENTARY POLYMER PROCESSING CONCEPTS
A. Simple laboratory processing methods
B. Elementary extrusion concepts
C. A downstream process-spinning
D. Summary
Appendix 10-1: Densities of melts at elevated temperatures
Problems
References
11. QUALITY-CONTROL RHEOLOGY
A. Examples of methods used by various industries
B. Test precision
Appendix 11-1: ASTM tests methods for rheological characterization
Problems
References
12. FLOW OF MODIFIED POLYMERS AND POLYMERS WITH SUPERMOLECULAR STRUCTURE
A. Polymers filled with particulates
B. Liquid crystallinity and rheology
C. Polymers with microphase separation in melts or solutions
D. Covalent crosslinking of polymers
Appendix 12-1: Van `t Hoff equation applied to gelation
Problems
References
ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS
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DOMININGHAUS - Kunststoffe
Eigenschaften und Anwendungen
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In dem umfassenden Nachschlagewerk behandeln die Autoren neben Synthese und Compoundierung, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Kunststoffen auch das Verhalten bei
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Forensic Chemistry Handbook
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- Covers forensic chemistry in a clear, concise, and authoritative way.
- Brings together in one volume the key topics in forensics where chemistry plays an important role - such as blood analysis, drug analysis, urine analysis, DNA analysis, etc.
Taal / Language : English
Inhoudsopgave:
1. Forensic Environmental Chemistry.
2. Principles and Issues in Forensic Analysis of Explosives.
3. Analysis of Fire Debris.
4. Forensic Examination of Soils.
5. Analysis of Paint Evidence.
6. Analysis Techniques Used for the Forensic Examination of Writing and Printing Inks.
7. The Role of Vibrational Spectroscopy in Forensic Chemistry.
8. Forensic Serology.
9. Forensic DNA Analysis.
10. Current and Future Uses of DNA Microarrays in Forensic Science.
11. Date-Rape Drugs with Emphasis of GHB.
12. Forensic and Clinical Issues in Alcohol Analysis.
13. Fundamental Issues of Postmortem Toxicology.
14. Entomotoxicology: Drugs, Toxins and Insects.
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